Islamophobia is an unfounded hostility towards Muslims, and therefore fear and dislikes for most Muslims. It's directed at a perceived or real Muslim threat through the maintenance and extension of existing disparities in economic, political, social, and cultural relations while rationalizing the necessity to deploy violence as a tool to achieve "civilization rehab" of the target communities. The Islamophobia Research and Documentation Project (IRDP)

• Confronting Liberal Islamophobia

  Islamophobia, like other systems of bias, operates in both liberal and conservative spaces in American society, albeit in different ways. Islamophobia by conservatives is easily identifiable through hateful speech, hate crimes and support for state national security and immigration practices targeting Muslims.

• Islamophobia: American Psychological Association

  Psychologists are studying the impact of anti-Muslim sentiment and exploring ways to prevent it.

• Islamophobia: Understanding Anti-Muslim Sentiment in the West

  GALLUP article discussing Islamophobia in the West.

• What Is Islamophobia?: Georgetown University

  Islamophobia is an extreme fear of and hostility toward Islam and Muslims. It often leads to hate speech and hate crimes, social and political discrimination, can be used to rationalize policies such as mass surveillance, incarceration, and disenfranchisement, and can influence domestic and foreign policy. Scroll through the expandable boxes below for more information about Islamophobia.

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• The World's Muslims are Facing Unprecedented Repression

When you look at Muslim scholar Dalia Mogahed, what do you see: A woman of faith? A scholar, a mom, a sister? Or an oppressed, brainwashed, potential terrorist? In this personal, powerful talk, Mogahed asks us, in this polarizing time, to fight negative perceptions of her faith in the media -- and to choose empathy over prejudice.