The 6th and final edition of the Council of Biology Editors' (CBE) Scientific Style and Format book was published in 1994. After 2000, this citation style was renamed as CSE (Council of Science Editors). Be sure to always use the most current edition, or the one preferred by your course instructor.
The CBE Scientific Style offers two main styles of formatting in-text citations:
See the manual for details of the advantages and disadvantages of each system, and how reference lists are formatted for each system.
CBE (Council of Biology Editors) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources in Biology.
In addition to the examples to the left, see these sections of the Scientific Style and Format guide for how to cite other sources in CBE style:
For a more detailed explanation of how to use CBE style, see the Scientific Style and Format, 6th edition.
Based on CBE Scientific Style and Format, 6th Edition, 1994.
*References to documents cited within the paper should be listed under the heading "References" or "Cited References."
*References to documents not specifically cited within the paper, but included as source material for the paper should be listed under the heading "Additional Reading" or "Bibliography."
NOTE: CBE style is no longer current. The examples below do not reflect today's variety of electronic resources. For the current citation style, see the CSE tab.
Articles from Journals: Print (see Section 30.19-29, pg. 634-40) |
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Format: Author(s). Article title. Journal title year month; volume number(issue Example: Steiner U, Klein J, Eiser E. Budkowski A, Fetters LJ. Complete wetting from |
Articles from Journals: Electronic (see Section 30.63, pg. 666-7) |
Format: Author(s). Title of article. Abbreviated journal title [type of medium] date of Example: Cisler S. MediaTracks. Public Access Comput Syst Rev [serial online] OR Harrison CL, Schmidt PQ, Jones JD. Aspirin compared with |
Articles from Newspapers: Print (see Section 30.53 pg. 658-60) |
Format: Author(s). Article title. Newspaper title and date of publication;
section Example: Rensberger B, Specter B. CFCs may be destroyed by natural process. |
Articles from Magazine: Print (see Section 30.53 pg. 658-60) |
Format: Author(s). Article title. Magazine title and date of publication:page numbers. Example: Lu C. A small revelation: newton has arrived at long last. Macworld 1993 |
Books: Print (see Section 30.30-38, pg. 641-6) |
Format: Author(s) [or editor(s)]. Title. Place of publication: publisher name; Year. Example: Voet D, Voet JG. Biochemistry. New York: J Wiley; 1990. 1223 p. OR Gilman AG, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P, editors. The pharmacological basis |
Books: Electronic (see Section 30.64 pg. 667) |
Format: Author(s) [or editor(s)]. Title [type of medium]. Place of publication: Example: MARTINDALE ONLINE [monograph online]. London: Pharmaceutical OR THE MERCK INDEX ONLINE [monograph online]. 10th ed. Rahway (NJ): |
Technical Reports (see Section 30.45-9, pg. 652-5) |
Format: Author(s) (performing organization). Title. Place of publication: publisher or Example: Cooper LN (Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence RI). OR Johns Hopkins University [JHU], Applied Physics Laboratory. Biomedical |
Conference Proceedings (see Section 30.41-3, pg. 648-50) |
Format: Editor(s). Title of publication or conference. Name of conference (if not the Example: Vivian VL, editor. Child abuse and neglect: a medical community response. |
Articles from Journals: Print (see Section 30.19-29, pg. 634-40) |
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Format: Author(s). year. Article title. Journal title volume number(issue Example: Steiner U, Klein J, Eiser E, Budkowski A, Fetters LJ. 1992 Nov 13.
Complete |
Articles from Journals: Electronic (see Section 30.63, pg. 666-7) |
Format: Author(s). Date of publication. Title of article. Abbreviated journal title [type Example: Cisler S. 1990. MediaTracks. Public Access Comput Syst Rev [serial OR Harrison CL, Schmidt PQ, Jones JD. 1992 Jan 2. Aspirin compared with |
Articles from Newspapers: Print (see Section 30.53 pg. 658-60) |
Format: Author(s). Date of publication. Article title. Newspaper title;
section Example: Rensberger B, Specter B. 1989 Aug 7. CFCs may be destroyed by natural |
Articles from Magazine: Print (see Section 30.53 pg. 658-60) |
Format: Author(s). Date of publication. Article title. NMagazine title:page numbers. Example: Lu C. 1993 Sep. A small revelation: newton has arrived at long last. |
Books: Print (see Section 30.30-38, pg. 641-6) |
Format: Author(s) [or editor(s)]. Year. Title. Place of publication: publisher name. Example: Voet D, Voet JG. 1990. Biochemistry. New York: J Wiley. 1223 p. OR Gilman AG, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P, editors. 1990. The pharmacological |
Books: Electronic (see Section 30.64 pg. 667) |
Format: Author(s) [or editor(s)]. Publication date. Title [type of medium]. Place of Example: [PSGB} Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. 1989. MARTINDALE OR Merck. 1984. THE MERCK INDEX ONLINE [monograph online]. 10th ed. |
Technical Reports (see Section 30.45-9, pg. 652-5) |
Format: Author(s) (performing organization). Date of Publication. Title. Place of Example: Cooper LN (Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence RI).
OR [JHU] Johns
Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory. 1979 Oct. |
Conference Proceedings (see Section 30.41-3, pg. 648-50) |
Format: Editor(s). Date of publication. Title of publication or conference. Name of Example: Vivian VL, editor. 1985. Child abuse and neglect: a medical community |